Abstract: The victory of the October Revolution opened a new chapter in the study of world literature in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. The study of world literature in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe has made significant achievements under the guidance of Marxism. Compared with Western world literature research, it shows a strong tendency of historicism and cultural poetics, the combination of static description and dynamic tracing of the process of world literature, the holistic and systematic analysis of Eastern literature, and the deep reflection on Eurocentrism. In our globalized world, the Marxist world literature study of the Soviet Union, with its profound insight into the essence and characteristics of world literature and the law of its historical development, has become a powerful weapon for resisting the bad tendency in the study of world literature in the West, counterattacking the monism of transnational capitalism, and building up a community of shared interests for humanity.

Key words: Marxism, world literature, V. Lenin, M. Gorky, A History of World Literature .

摘要： 十月革命的胜利开启了苏联和东欧国家世界文学研究的新篇章。苏联和东欧的世界文学研究在马克思主义的指导下,取得了举世瞩目的辉煌成就。与西方的世界文学研究相比,显现出浓厚的历史主义与文化诗学倾向、对世界文学进程的静态描述与动态追踪相结合、对东方文学的整体性把握与系统性分析以及对欧洲中心主义的深入反思和批判等特质。在“全球化”浪潮席卷世界的大背景下,苏联的马克思主义世界文学研究以其对世界文学本质与特征及其历史发展规律的深刻洞见而成为我们抵制西方的世界文学研究中的不良倾向、对抗跨国资本主义的一元论乃至构建人类命运共同体的有力武器。

关键词: 马克思主义, 世界文学, 列宁, 高尔基, 《世界文学史》