Abstract: Around Goethe and his “Weltliteratur” concept, this article attempts to make a historical textual research and conceptual analysis. Wieland und Schlözer had written or used Weltliteratur before Goethe, but the three “Weltliteraturs” are quite different in their connotation. From the ideological point of view, harmony and universality are the core concepts of Goethe's “Weltliteratur”, reflecting a new way of thinking that litteratures cannot engage in literary creation in isolation, but must participate in cross-cultural communication. On the practical level, the world literature is the focus of Goethe's literary activities in his late years. As he proposed Weltliteratur, Goethe was mainly thinking about the acceptance of German literature in France. Through newspapers and other media, Goethe tried to find a practical way to promote Weltliteratur.

Key words: Goethe, Weltliteratur, humanity, über Kunst und Altertum

摘要： 本文试图围绕歌德及其“世界文学”概念进行史料考辨与概念分析。20世纪80年代末以来,学界发现,在歌德之前,维兰德与施勒策尔曾手写或使用过“世界文学”一词。世界文学的首创是本文首先着重考察的问题。在思想层面上,普遍与人道是歌德“世界文学”理念的核心概念,体现一种新的思维方式:文学家不能孤立地从事文学创作,须参与跨文化交流。在实践层面上,世界文学是歌德暮年文学活动的重点。在提出“世界文学”之际,歌德主要在思考德语文学在法国的接受问题。此外,歌德尝试通过报刊及其他介质,为实现其世界文学理念找到实际可行的路径。

关键词: 歌德, 世界文学, 人道, 《论艺术与古代文化》