Abstract: Since the 1990s, “world literature” has received increasing popularity in international academics. Regrettably, Western critics mainly take Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's conception of world literature as a point of departure and continue to discuss such relevant issues as national literature, the production, circulation, translation and reading of literature, while overlooking or neglecting the significant contributions made by Karl H. Marx and Friedrich von Engels. Against this backdrop, this paper attempts to gear the discussion of world literature to Marxism, arguing that Marx and Engels's conception of world literature is one of the rich resources for all our work in this field. It maps and elaborates Marx and Engels's contribution to world literature from threes aspects in particular: the publication of Communist Manifesto, capital circulation, and class distinction.

Key words: Communist Manifesto, world literature, Karl Marx, capital circulation, class distinction

摘要： 自20世纪90年代以降,关于“世界文学”的讨论形成了一股世界性的学术潮流,众多国际知名学者纷纷介入这一话题的讨论。遗憾的是,西方学者在讨论世界文学时,主要从歌德关于世界文学的构想入手,在此基础上讨论民族文学演变成世界文学的若干要素,如文学的生产、流通、翻译和阅读等,而较少涉及甚至忽略了马克思、恩格斯之于世界文学概念的阐述。本文试图将世界文学的探讨转至马克思主义世界文学这一维度,认为对马克思主义创始人马克思、恩格斯对世界文学思想的挖掘和细审是我们在这一领域所有研究工作的起点。文章重点从《共产党宣言》、资本流通、阶级意识三个方面来考察马克思主义创始人之于世界文学研究的重要贡献与积极意义。

关键词: 《共产党宣言》, 世界文学, 马克思, 资本流通, 阶级意识