Abstract: In the history of Dante’s translation in China, Liang Qichao, as the scholar who first translated “Dante” as 但丁(Dan Ding), did not adopt the definition of Dante’s identity as a literary figure in European literary history. Instead, under the influence of Hirata Hisashi’s Italy’s Three Founding Fathers and the concept of “knight-errant” in the Meiji period of Japan, he emphasized Dante’s identity as a political hero in his Biography of the Three Founding Fathers of Italy. Later, under the influence of Carlyle’s “poet-hero theory” and Japan’s “Dante fever,” he adapted Biography of the Three Founding Fathers of Italy into “The New Legend of Rome,” thus emphasizing the importance of Dante’s literary works for the voice of the nation. Furthermore, inspired by Kizo’s History of European Civilization and Fukuzawa Yukichi’s Introduction to the Theory of Civilization, Liang Qichao searched for literary figures comparable to Dante in the history of China, and then completed the preliminary thinking of the self-constructed “Chinese Renaissance.”

Key words: Liang Qichao, Dante, theory of hero worship, Renaissance

摘要： 在中国的但丁译介史上,作为首次将“Dante”译为“但丁”的学人,梁启超并没有依从欧洲文学史将但丁作为文学家的身份界定,而是在日本平田久《伊太利建国三杰》的传记书写、明治“游侠”观念等影响下,在他的《意大利建国三杰传》中强调但丁作为政治英雄先驱的身份。而后,经由卡莱尔的“诗人英雄论”、日本“但丁热”的催动,梁启超将《意大利建国三杰传》改编为“新罗马传奇”,进而强调但丁文学作品对于国民心声的重要性。再者,在基佐《欧洲文明史》、福泽谕吉《文明论概略》的启发下,梁启超在中国历史中寻得比肩但丁的文学家,进而完成自我建构的“中国文艺复兴”的初步思考。

关键词: 梁启超, 但丁, 英雄崇拜论, 文艺复兴