Abstract: In the early post-war period, in an effort to evade the GHQ’s punitive measure of discharge from public office, Hino Ashihei initiated two political petitions for relief from liability. His literary justifications following the revocation of his disciplinary actions aimed to counteract the accountability assigned by officially sanctioned historical narratives. There exists a palpable constraint between the scope of his self-defense and the political environment under Allied Occupation. In response to the official grounds for accountability, Hino, along with his witnesses, denied accusations of “active involvement” during wartime, leveraging his straightforward and passive nature. He identified himself as a humanitarian, liberal, and leftist writer, thus repudiating his previous advocacy for militarism. In fact, this mentality of “humanitarianism domestically while militaristic externally” is precisely what led several Asian nations to repeatedly fall victim to Japanese aggression. Hino attributed the responsibility for defeat to the militarists, exonerating both the emperor and the soldiers, which represents a disintegration of fascist militarism from movement to regime. Concurrently, he reframed personal guilt as patriotic resistance against America, thereby obfuscating Japan’s responsibilities for the wars waged against various Asian countries. This incomplete reflection on guilt holds significant case study value for understanding the post-war thought of defeated nations, particularly as represented by Japan.

Key words: Hino Ashihei, war responsibility, discharge from public office, political petitions, literary texts

摘要： 战后初期,为逃避GHQ的开除公职处罚,火野苇平发起了两次政治脱责诉愿,革职处分解除后的文学辩白则意在对冲官撰历史的罪责定性,其自辩尺度与盟军占领的政治环境之间都存在着显在的制约关系。针对官方的追责理由,火野及其旁证者以其愚直、被动的性情否定有关其战时“积极活动”之指控;又以人道主义、自由主义者、反军左翼作家自认,否认鼓吹军国主义的过往。事实上,这种“对内人道,对外军国”的思想恰是亚洲诸国频频陷入日本侵略之灾的因由。火野将战败责任归罪于军阀,为天皇和士兵脱责,这是对法西斯军国主义从运动到体制的消解;同时将个人罪责归为爱国抗美,虚化了日本对亚洲诸国之战争责任。这种不彻底的罪责反思对理解以日本为代表的战败国战后思想具有重要的个案意义。

关键词: 火野苇平, 战争责任, 开除公职, 政治诉愿, 文学文本