后人类理论:比较文学跨学科研究的新方向

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 比较文学跨学科研究在今天产生了比较文学本体论与方法论的争议。本文基于这一争辩,梳理了比较文学学科史上跨学科概念的提出与发展过程,并再次回归跨学科概念本身,提出比较文学跨学科研究应该摒弃本体论与方法论的争议,而以问题导向模式为核心,建立比较文学研究的整体系统。目前人们聚焦的后人类理论呈现了比较文学跨学科研究的这一问题研究模式,开拓了比较文学跨学科研究的两条新路径,即以“间性批评”为导向,聚焦问题,探讨跨越自然、生态、生物、科技、文学、伦理等学科而生成的人类本体论与认知论;以“系统批评”为导向,致力于比较文学总体文学建设,推动比较文学学科整体发展。

关键词: 比较文学跨学科研究, 本体论, 方法论, 问题模式, 后人类理论

Abstract: There are still arguments between ontology and methodology of interdisciplinary studies in comparative literature.This paper makes a survey of the history of interdisciplinary concept and its disciplinary development of comparative literature to claim that interdisciplinary studies should be focused on the problems in the comparative literary studies.There are two paths for interdisciplinary studies.One way is inter-criticism,which focuses on problems in the literary studies,connects many disciplines such as biology,creature,science technology,literature and ethics to explore the ontology and epistemology of human being,and the other way is system-criticism,which contributes to the whole system of comparative literary studies.

Key words: interdisciplinary studies of comparative literature, ontology, methodology, problem models, posthuman theory

江玉琴. 后人类理论:比较文学跨学科研究的新方向[J]. 中国比较文学, 2021, 0(1): 144-157.

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