关键词: 非洲文学, 流散作家, 马克思主义, 倡导者, 审美者, 思辨者

Abstract: Since its inception, African literature has been marked by a distinct diasporic syndrome rooted in its colonial history, giving rise to four major types of diasporic writing: exotic diaspora, Been-to diaspora, colonial diaspora, and native diaspora. Writers with traditional or exilic diasporic tendencies found themselves caught between the cultural clashes of host and homeland, and were deeply influenced by Marxism, which swept through the African continent like a gale in the mid-twentieth century. Among these diasporic authors are Marxist pioneers such as Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o and Ebrahim Hussein, Marxist aesthetes such as Wole Soyinka and Ben Okri, and Marxist thinkers such as Okot p’Bitek and Abdulrazak Gurnah. Whether raising the banner of revolution, expressing aesthetic pursuits, practicing revolutionary theory, or upholding a dialectical spirit, their works are infused with Marxist elements and exhibit complex and diverse literary characteristics. Marxism has significantly shaped the thematic content, artistic style, value orientation, and developmental trajectory of African literature, influencing its reception and positioning within world literature.

Key words: African literature, diaspora writers, Marxism, advocater, aesthete, dialectical thinker