关键词: 希伯来智慧文学, 两河流域文献, 智者形象, 《箴言》, 《约伯记》

Abstract: Wisdom literature constitutes an important part of Hebrew classics, which focuses on the essence, cognition, and application of wisdom. Its genre, character, and knowledge spectrum lack of comparable examples, especially in Proverbs and Job. In fact, these elements bear the imprint of foreign cultural influences, primarily from Mesopotamia, reflecting the impact of its knowledge structures and cultural heritage on Jewish sages. These influences have left what can be termed an “enclave” within Hebrew wisdom literature, and can be recognized from the characters as debaters, court advisors and astrologists in Hebrew wisdom literature. Tracking the knowledge spectrum and cultural stream of Hebrew wisdom literature not only makes it possible to acquire insights of Jewish wisdom tradition itself, but also serves as examples to reveal the relationship between Hebrew and Mesopotamian literary tradition and spectrum.

Key words: Hebrew wisdom literature, Mesopotamian literature, image of sage, Proverbs, Job