《月中人》与17世纪英格兰的月亮书写

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 天文学革命和地理大发现引发了早期现代欧洲月亮书写传统的复兴。在英语文学史上第一部月亮旅行作品、且常被视为英语文学史上第一部科幻小说的《月中人》中,戈德温主教以主人公冈萨雷斯的“圣赫勒拿岛—月球—中国”之旅,对英格兰乃至整个欧洲的基督教世界如何步入现代这一问题进行了探讨。本文试图将《月中人》置于17世纪英格兰的月亮书写所涉及的科学与神学之争、基督教文明与异教文明之争、英国的内政外交之困等一系列冲突中,从天文学革命、新世界探险和乌托邦文学等角度切入,探讨《月中人》如何参与彼时的文学、科学、神学以及政治等话语的构建或论争,尝试挖掘月亮书写传统在早期现代的复兴所具备的思想史意义。

关键词: 《月中人》, 月亮书写, 科幻小说

Abstract: Copernican Revolution and the Great Geographical Discoveries sparked a revival of the moon-writing tradition in early modern Europe. In The Man in the Moone (1638), the first moon-voyage work and arguably the first science fiction in English literature, Bishop Francis Godwin explores the question of “how the world becomes modern” through Domingo Gonsales' “St Helena-Moon-China” voyage. Reading against the debates over science and religion, Christian and pagan civilization, domestic and international politics of seventeenth-century England, from the perspectives of Copernican Revolution, the Great Geographical Discoveries and Utopia literature, the paper intends to investigate how The Man in the Moone participates in the debate over discourses of literature, science, theology and politics. In so doing, it attempts to explore the intellectual significance of the revival of moon-writing tradition in early modern Europe.

Key words: The Man in the Moone, moon-writing, science fiction

王骁. 《月中人》与17世纪英格兰的月亮书写[J]. 中国比较文学, 2024, 0(3): 236-253.

Wang Xiao. The Man in the Moone and the Moon-writing in Seventeenth-century England[J]. Comparative Literature in China, 2024, 0(3): 236-253.

参考文献

Aubrey, John. Remaines of Gentilisme and Judaisme. London: Pub. for the Folk-Lore Society by W. Satchell, Peyton, and Co., 1881.
Burton, Robert. The Anatomy of Melancholy. Vol. I. Eds. Thomas C. Faulkner, Nicholas K. Kiessling and Rhonda L. Blair. Oxford: Clarendon, 1989.
Campbell, Mary Baine. “The Man in the Moone: Imaginary Gardens, Real Toads.”Wonder and Science: Imagining Worlds in Early Modern Europe. Ithaca, NY: Cornell UP, 1999. 155-170.
---. “Speedy Messengers: Fiction, Cryptography, Space Travel, and Francis Godwin's The Man in the Moone.” The Yearbook of English Studies 41. 1. “Travel and Prose Fiction in Early Modern England” (2011):190-204.
Cornelius, Paul. Languages in Seventeenth-and Early Eighteenth-Century Imaginary Voyages. Geneva: Droz, 1965.
Cressy, David. “Early Modern Space Travel and the English Man in the Moon.”The American Historical Review 111. 4 (2006): 961-982.
Dick, Steven J. Plurality of Worlds. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1982.
Donne, John. “The First Anniversary: An Anatomy of the World.” The Complete Poems of John Donne. Ed. Robin Robbins. London: Routledge, 2010. 811-860.
Drayton, Michael. Poems of Michael Drayton. Vol. I. Ed. John Buxton. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1953.
Empson, William. Essay on Renaissance Literature. Vol. I. Ed. John Haffenden. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1993.
Feldhay, Rivka. “Religion.” The Cambridge History of Science: Volume 3, Early Modern Science. Eds. Katharine Park and Lorraine Daston. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2006. 727-758.
Fontenelle, Bernard de. Conversations on the Plurality of Worlds. Dublin: Printed for Peter Wilson, 1761.
Godwin, Francis. The Man in the Moone. Ed. William Poole. Ontario: Broadview Press, 2009.
Harrison, Thomas P. “Birds in the Moon.”Isis 45. 4 (1954): 323-330.
Hill, Christopher. Intellectual Origins of the English Revolution Revisited. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997.
Jonson, Ben. The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Ben Jonson. Vol. V. Eds. David Bevington, Martin Butler and Ian Donaldson. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2012.
Levitin, Dmitri. “What was the Comparative History of Religions in 17th-Century Europe (and Beyond)? Pagan Monotheism/Pagan Animism, from T'ien to Tylor.” Regimes of Comparatism: Frameworks of Comparison in History, Religion and Anthropology. Eds. Renard Gagné et al. Leiden, Boston: Brill, 2019. 49-115.
Magasich-Airóla, Jorge and Jean-Marc de Beer. America Magica: When Renaissance Europe Thought It Had Conquered Paradise. Trans. Monica Sandor. London: Anthem Press, 2006.
McColley, Grant. “Introduction.” The Man in the Moone and Nuncius Inanimatus. Ed. Grant McColley. Northampton: Department of Modern Languages of Smith College, 1937a. vii-xiv.
---. “The Third Edition of Francis Godwin's The Man in the Moone.” The library s4-XVII. 4 (1937b): 472-475.
Montgomery, Scott L.The Moon and the Western Imagination. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press, 1999.
More, Thomas. Utopia. Trans. Clarence H. Miller. New Haven: Yale UP, 2001.
Pagden, Anthony. European Encounters with the New World from Renaissance to Romanticism. New Haven: Yale UP, 1993.
Park, Jennifer. “Navigating Past, Potential, and Paradise: The Gendered Epistemologies of Discovery and Creation in Francis Godwin's Man in the Moone and Margaret Cavendish's Blazing World.” Gendering Time and Space in Early Modern England. Eds. Katherine R. Larson and Alysia Kolentsis. Renaissance and Reformation / Renaissance et Réforme Special Issue 35. 1 (2012): 113-138.
Poole, William. “Introduction.” Francis Godwin. The Man in the Moone. Ed. William Poole. Ontario: Broadview Press, 2009. 11-60.
---. “Kepler's Somnium and Francis Godwin's The Man in the Moone: Births of Science-Fiction 1593-1638.” New Worlds Reflected: Travel and Utopia in the Early Modern Period. Ed. Chloë Houston. London: Routledge, 2010. 57-69.
Raleigh, Walter. The Discovery of the Large, Rich, and Beautiful Empire of Guiana. Ed. Robert H. Schomburgk. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2010.
Rawson, Michael. “Discovering the Final Frontier: The Seventeenth-Century Encounter with the Lunar Environment.” Environmental History 20. 2 (2015): 194-216.
Roberts, Adam. The History of Science Fiction. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
莎士比亚:《莎士比亚全集》(六卷本),朱生豪等译。北京:人民文学出版社,1994年。
[Shakespeare, William. The Complete Works of William Shakespeare (sha shi bi ya quan ji). 6 Vols. Trans. Zhu Shenghao et al. Beijing: People's Literature Publishing House, 1994.]
Sidney, Philip. “Astrophil and Stella.” The Major Works. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2002. 153-211.
Spence, Jonathan D. The Chan's Great Continent. New York: Norton, 1999.
史景迁:《大汗之国》,阮叔梅译。桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2013年。
[---. The Chan's Great Continent (da han zhi guo). Trans. Ruan Shumei. Guilin: Guangxi Normal UP, 2013.]
Stone, Lawrence. The Causes of the English Revolution 1529-1642. London: Routledge, 2017.
Underdown, David. A Freeborn People: Politics and the Nation in Seventeenth-century England. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996.
Whitaker, Ewen A. Mapping and Naming the Moon. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1999.
Wilkins, John. The Discovery of a World in the Moone. Amsterdam: Theatrvm Orbis Terrarvm, 1972.
---. An Essay Towards a Real Character, and a Philosophical Language. London: Printed for Sa Gellibrand, and for John Martyn, 1668.

[1]	Melissa A. Hosek. A Beautiful Future? Environment, Aesthetics, and Inequality in Chinese Science Fiction[J]. 中国比较文学, 2022, 0(3): 15-33.
[2]	王斑. 当代中国科幻小说中的生态批评[J]. 中国比较文学, 2022, 0(3): 2-14.
[3]	宋明炜, 汪晓慧. 在“世界”中的中国科幻小说——科幻作为一种全球文类,及其成为世界文学的可能与问题[J]. 中国比较文学, 2022, 0(2): 81-100.
[4]	汪晓慧. 改造·重构·追问——论韩松科幻小说中的空间书写[J]. 中国比较文学, 2020, 0(2): 50-63.
[5]	陈楸帆. “超真实”时代的科幻文学创作[J]. 中国比较文学, 2020, 0(2): 36-49.