儒家人文主义与世界主义的互鉴——《中国哲学家孔夫子》与美国的超验主义运动

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 《中国哲学家孔夫子》的英文节译本“孔子的道德”于1835年在美国出版,收录在《凤凰:古书珍宝录》中。孔子思想与美国本土思想第一次发生自觉而系统的交流和融合,当属超验主义者对“孔子的道德”及马士曼和柯大卫的孔子译作所做的系统阅读、使用和传播。爱默生发表在《日晷》上的21条“孔子名言录”中有4条摘自“孔子的道德”,呼应了爱默生对“雄辩”“沉默”和“天道”的思考。梭罗摘录自“孔子的道德”的名言印证了其对深思熟虑的生活的关注,而“齐人失盾”所体现的儒家大同理想则成为爱默生、梭罗和康威世界主义思想的一贯主题。超验主义者与《中国哲学家孔夫子》之间的关系,既是“儒家注我”,也是儒家人文主义思想在美国开始真正意义上的世界化。

关键词: 《中国哲学家孔夫子》, “孔子的道德”, 超验主义, 儒家人文主义, 世界主义

Abstract: “The Morals of Confucius”, an abridged English version of Confucius Sinarum Philosophus was published in 1835 as a part of The Phenix. The first conscientious and systemic interaction between Confucian thought and American thought fell upon the transcendentalists in their reading, employing and spreading of “The Morals of Confucius”and other books. The four selections of the 21 sayings of Confucius published on the Dial by Emerson echoe his contemplation on “eloquence,” “silence,” and “sovereign principle.” Thoreau's selections of “The Morals of Confucius” confirm his idea of living deliberately. More importantly, the story of “a Qi soldier losing his shield” became a red thread through Emerson, Thoreau and Conway, and found itself akin to their cosmopolitanism. On the part of the transcendentalists, the Confucian thoughts served as footnote to their creativity, while on the part of Confucianism, it is the beginning of the globalization in its true sense of Confucian humanism in the US.

Key words: Confucius Sinarum Philosophus, “The Morals of Confucius”, transcen-dentalism, Confucian humanism, cosmopolitism

胡翠娥. 儒家人文主义与世界主义的互鉴——《中国哲学家孔夫子》与美国的超验主义运动[J]. 中国比较文学, 2023, 0(4): 138-155.

Hu Cui'e. Confucian Humanism and Cosmopolitanism: Confucius Sinarum Philosophus and American Transcendentalism[J]. Comparative Literature in China, 2023, 0(4): 138-155.

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