光荣革命与笛福的中国

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于亲中以及后来具有法国背景的耶稣会士的中国报道,威廉·坦普尔结合自己的政治思想,盛赞中国和儒家思想,其中的世界主义和仁慈专制思想与法国追求的普世君主制和绝对专制一脉相承。这种思想与光荣革命在英国确立的以新教主义为中心的民族主义背道而驰。鉴于英国的民族主义是以法国作为想象的敌人,中国因为与法国的相似性和密切关系而被笛福当作了替罪羊。笛福对基于风俗和古老法律的儒家思想和中国政治现实的批评,以及对耶稣会适应政策的批评,实际是指向法国的普世君主制和绝对专制,从而捍卫英国的新教民族主义。

关键词: 光荣革命, 民族主义, 新教, 中国, 威廉·坦普尔, 丹尼尔·笛福

Abstract: On the basis of Jesuits' China reports, William Temple spoke highly of China and Confucianism. The cosmopolitanism and benevolent despotism in Confucianism coincided with French Universal Monarchy and absolute despotism, which were detrimental to English protestant nationalism established in the Glorious Revolution. Because of the similarities and close ties between France and China in France-sponsored Jesuits' China reports, Defoe used China as a stalking horse to attack Catholic France, the imagined enemy of English protestant nationality. Defoe's criticism of China's customs and old laws in Confucianism, Chinese officials and people, and Jesuits' accommodation strategy is targeted at France in disguise, for the defense of English protestant nationalism.

Key words: The Glorious Revolution, nationalism, Protestantism, China, William Temple, Daniel Defoe

陈西军. 光荣革命与笛福的中国[J]. 中国比较文学, 2023, 0(2): 246-263.

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