共振与互参：袁可嘉“综合”诗论中的中西思想对话*

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 袁可嘉在1940年代提出“综合”诗论,并与陈敬容和沈从文等人的论述相互关联。“综合”诗论涉及从艾略特、瑞恰慈到“奥登一代”的世界资源,核心问题依次变为兼容情与思的抒情问题、调和不同经验的价值问题,以及借文艺综合左翼思想与精神分析的政治问题。这一从西方进入中国并产生共振的影响线索,可与瑞恰慈对“中庸”的读解互相参照：前者借西方诗论避免“天地玄黄”年代诗歌的激情倾泻和诗人的道德优越,后者则以“中庸”避开“消极”折中并借由超越自我实现“自我完成”,凸显一战后西方人试图整合异质性经验的文化建构理想。这反映了两种影响向度上的互相激荡,折射出不同历史和国别的艺术家构建美学价值和社会秩序的共同追求。

关键词: 综合, 袁可嘉, 瑞恰慈, 中庸

Abstract: Yuan Kejia proposed a “synthesis” theory of poetry in the 1940s, intertwining it with the discourses of Chen Jingrong, Shen Congwen and others. This “synthesis” theory drew upon global resources from T. S. Eliot and I. A. Richards to the “Auden Generation.” Its core concerns progressively shifted to the problem of emotion, value and politics, which can be cross-referenced with Richards’ interpretation of “Chung Yung.” The former employs Western poetic theory to avoid the passionate outpouring and moral superiority of political poets, while the latter uses the doctrine of Chung Yung to steer clear of “passive” compromise and achieve “self-fulfillment” through transcendence. These two dimensions of influence reflect the shared pursuit of artists across different histories and nations to construct aesthetic values and social order in poetry.

Key words: synthesis, Yuan Kejia, I. A. Richards, Chung Yung

白洋本. 共振与互参：袁可嘉“综合”诗论中的中西思想对话*[J]. 中国比较文学, 2026, 0(3): 137-152.

Bai Yangben. Resonance and Reference: The Dialogue between Chinese and Western Thought in Yuan Kejia’s Poetic Theory of “Synthesis”[J]. Comparative Literature in China, 2026, 0(3): 137-152.

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