论沈从文对列夫·托尔斯泰的接受与转化——以阅读史为考察路径

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以翻译作品为接受路径,沈从文的早期文学观受到了《艺术论》的影响,沈从文的小说结构从托尔斯泰的城乡叙事模式中获得了情感、价值上的支持,沈从文将托尔斯泰的形象目标化、模范化,视为理想作家的范型,用以关切一般写作者,又将托尔斯泰的形象化用为应对外界批评/压力和坚持自我道路的精神武器,同时也“见贤思齐”,用托尔斯泰的形象砥砺自己。托尔斯泰被沈从文赞为“最可爱的”“人道主义的”“伟大文学家”,在沈从文接受对象中具有唯一性,与沈从文的情感、精神需求相呼应。理解沈从文对托尔斯泰的接受与转化,能窥见沈从文小说、思想、精神世界中晦暗不明而又真实存在的图景。

关键词: 沈从文, 《艺术论》, 列夫·托尔斯泰, 城乡叙事模式

Abstract: Taking translated works as his pathway of acceptance, Shen Congwen's early literary views were influenced by On Art. Shen Congwen's novel structure received emotional and value support from Tolstoy's urban-rural narrative model. Shen Congwen idealized and standardized Tolstoy's image, considering it a prototype of an ideal writer, which he used to address common authors' concerns. He also used Tolstoy's image as a spiritual weapon to deal with external criticism/pressure and to adhere to his own path. At the same time, he “sought wisdom from the wise” and used Tolstoy's image to fortify himself. Shen Congwen praised Tolstoy as the “most lovable,” “humanitarian,” and “great literary figure,” making him a unique figure among Shen Congwen's influences, resonating with Shen Congwen's emotional and spiritual needs. Understanding Shen Congwen's reception and transformation of Tolstoy reveals a dimly lit but authentically existing scene in Shen Congwen's novels, thoughts, and spiritual world.

Key words: Shen Congwen, On Art, Lev Tolstoy, urban-rural narrative mode

向吉发. 论沈从文对列夫·托尔斯泰的接受与转化——以阅读史为考察路径[J]. 中国比较文学, 2024, 0(1): 87-101.

Xiang Jifa. On Shen Congwen's Reception and Transformation of Lev Tolstoy The History of Reading as a Path of Investigation[J]. Comparative Literature in China, 2024, 0(1): 87-101.

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