中国多民族“语言-文学”谱系与比较研究的拓展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中国130多种语言分属5个语系,遍布在广袤的国境内和跨国区域,在语言使用和语言结构上差异极大,国家通用语(汉语)与少数民族语言共同构成了“中文”的多元、交融、共生的谱系。多民族语言文学之间相互促生,形成了中文“不同而和”、动态发展的创造。在多民族语言视角下,中国文学研究一方面要充分估量语言及文化的差异性和多元性,另一方面也不能陷入语言决定论和文化相对主义。多民族语言文学内含着世界文学因素,进而拓展了比较研究的边界,有助于重新认识自我、中国与世界。

关键词: 少数民族文学, 国家通用语, “中文”谱系, 多元整体, 不同而和

Abstract: More than 130 languages in China attached to five language families spread across the vast territory of China and transnational regions, with great differences in language use and language structure. The national lingua franca (Han language) and minority languages together constitute a pluralistic, integrated and symbiotic genealogy of “Chinese”. Multi-ethnic languages and literatures are mutually reinforcing, resulting in the creation of a dynamic development of Chinese language that is “different and harmonious”. From the perspective of multi-ethnic languages, the study of Chinese literature must fully assess the differences and pluralities of languages and cultures on the one hand, and on the other hand must not fall into linguistic determinism and cultural relativism. Multi-ethnic languages and literatures contain elements of world literature, which in turn expands the boundaries of comparative studies and helps to reunderstand the self, China and the world.

Key words: ethnic minority literature, the national lingua franca, genealogy of “Chinese”, pluralistic whole, harmony in diversity

刘大先. 中国多民族“语言-文学”谱系与比较研究的拓展[J]. 中国比较文学, 2023, 0(2): 3-23.

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