中国比较文学学会会刊 1984年创刊 由中国比较文学学会和上海外国语大学联合主办 ISSN 1006-6101 CN
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中国比较文学 ›› 2019, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (2): 122-136.

• 翻译研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

从生态译诗论翻译建构性

陈琳   

  • 出版日期:2019-06-15 发布日期:2019-09-11
  • 作者简介:陈琳,同济大学外国语学院教授,博士生导师。研究方向:翻译学。电子邮箱:chenlinxt7@tongji.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    本论文系上海市哲学社会科学规划课题“欣顿山水诗翻译的生态视域研究”(编号2017JG008-BYY770)、同济大学一流学科建设社会科学群课题(项目号0703141302)的阶段性成果。

  • Online:2019-06-15 Published:2019-09-11

摘要: 比较文学翻译研究范式视文学翻译为具有文学与文化意义的话语行为。我们认为,该话语行为及其影响的产生机制在于翻译具有话语建构性,因而提出“翻译建构性”概念并论证了其前提假设。我们以美国二战以后对中国古典诗词的翻译诗学为例,论述了其建构的内容、方式与意义。美国的荒野文化与文学构成了美国对中国山水诗和禅诗翻译的接受认知基础与文化背景,成为了中国自然山水精神与美国荒野精神的对话与融通的基础,从而产生了生态译诗翻译规范,为中国古典诗歌建构了富于生态话语意义的诗学形象。这尤其体现在欣顿为山水诗建构的荒野宇宙观的概念上。其译诗及其翻译话语融通了中国道禅哲学所蕴含的直觉生态智慧与美国当代的深层生态哲学,赋予了山水诗的当代生态诗学价值与普世生态精神,更新了古典诗词的世界文学形象。翻译建构性揭示了翻译对民族文学的世界文学面貌的勾勒作用的机制,丰富了对翻译本体论的认识。

关键词: 翻译建构性, 生态译诗, 山水诗, 荒野宇宙观, 戴维·欣顿

Abstract: The comparative literature approach to translation studies describes the translated literature as the literary and cultural discourse, which likely results from the formative force of translation. The article elaborates the concept and interrogates its premise and explores the practice of the translation of classical Chinese poetry in America since WW II with Hinton's translation as a case in point. The wilderness consciousness in American culture and literature is the cognitive base and cultural background for the acceptance of the “rivers-and-mountains” poetry and Zen poetry, and this sets a coherent framework for the dialogues between the natural landscape Chinese spirit and American wilderness consciousness, resulting in the norm of verse eco-translation, which constructs the poetological eco-discourse for the classical Chinese poetry. Hinton's translation of “rivers-and-mountains” poetry suggested an interpretation of the wilderness cosmology in the ancient China, inhabiting his verse eco-translation, which likely invested the translated poetry with the fabric of world literature, manifest in their texture of humanistic and ecological values. It was concluded that the translation norm of classical Chinese poetry in America boasts of the poetics of verse eco-translation due to the elliptical reflection of the Dao/Chan philosophy and the wilderness consciousness and the deep ecology. The formative force of the translation elucidates the mechanism for translating for the world literature and is conducive to the ontology of translation.

Key words: formative force of translation, verse eco-translation, rivers-and-mountains poetry, wilderness cosmology, David Hinton