晚清使臣游记的西方想象与书写策略

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 晚清使臣作为二次鸦片战争之后、国体受辱之际乘槎出洋的朝廷命官,他们于国际外交折冲樽俎之际,亦从体验维度遭遇了西方文明的全面冲击,其精神图式、文化意识由此发生相应的变形,激进者如郭嵩焘,其变革性的游记书写溢出了普遍意识之外,难逃被毁版的命运;而普遍的使臣游记书写则小心翼翼于“个体”意识与“使臣”身份之间进行往返曲折的调适,力图掌握一种微妙的、意图改善现实又幻想安全运行于传统道德律令之下的平衡术,这一普遍的自我纠正式的书写方式使其文本带有强烈的游移性与暧昧性,揭示了近代官僚阶层复杂的西学认知图式。

关键词: 晚清使臣游记, 西方想象, 认知图式

Abstract: After the Second Opium War,envoys of the Late Qing Dynasty,as international diplomacy flopped, also experienced the full impact of Western civilization. Their spiritual schema and cultural consciousness were transformed accordingly. Guo Songtao's travel writing went beyond the general consciousness and leads to its prohibition, while other envoys' travel writing carefully adjusted between the “individual” consciousness and the “envoy” identity to maintain a subtle balance. This universal self-correcting writing style makes its text strongly mobile and ambiguous, revealing the complex cognitive schema of western learning in modern Chinese officials.

Key words: travel writing of the Late Qing envoys, western imagination, cognitive schema

杨汤琛. 晚清使臣游记的西方想象与书写策略[J]. 中国比较文学, 2021, 0(3): 59-75.

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