关键词: 叔本华, 王国维, 中国画, 中国园林, 境界

Abstract: Schopenhauer criticized Chinese painting in The World as Will and Idea, but praised Chinese garden. He thinks that Western painting and Chinese garden respectively mean the genius' “intuition” and the objective spirit of “nature”. Although Schopenhauer's view deepened the general cognition of Chinese painting and Chinese garden in the western society at that time, he still misunderstood the style and concept of Chinese painting and garden. But coincidentally, Schopenhauer's concepts of “intuition” and “nature” were accepted by Wang Guowei after more than half a century, and used in Chinese literary criticism. The so-called “add the word ‘nao’ and ching-chieh will be completely expressed” refers to “ching-chieh” as a combination of the genius’ “intuitive” and the objective spirit of “nature” symbolized by Western painting and Chinese garden. From this example, we can see that, the research paradigm of Chinese and Western influence acceptance from the west to China and from Schopenhauer to Wang Guowei should be re-examined from the “Origin”.

Key words: Schopenhauer, Wang Guowei, Chinese painting, Chinese garden, ching-chieh