关键词: 翻译建构性, 生态译诗, 山水诗, 荒野宇宙观, 戴维·欣顿

Abstract: The comparative literature approach to translation studies describes the translated literature as the literary and cultural discourse, which likely results from the formative force of translation. The article elaborates the concept and interrogates its premise and explores the practice of the translation of classical Chinese poetry in America since WW II with Hinton's translation as a case in point. The wilderness consciousness in American culture and literature is the cognitive base and cultural background for the acceptance of the “rivers-and-mountains” poetry and Zen poetry, and this sets a coherent framework for the dialogues between the natural landscape Chinese spirit and American wilderness consciousness, resulting in the norm of verse eco-translation, which constructs the poetological eco-discourse for the classical Chinese poetry. Hinton's translation of “rivers-and-mountains” poetry suggested an interpretation of the wilderness cosmology in the ancient China, inhabiting his verse eco-translation, which likely invested the translated poetry with the fabric of world literature, manifest in their texture of humanistic and ecological values. It was concluded that the translation norm of classical Chinese poetry in America boasts of the poetics of verse eco-translation due to the elliptical reflection of the Dao/Chan philosophy and the wilderness consciousness and the deep ecology. The formative force of the translation elucidates the mechanism for translating for the world literature and is conducive to the ontology of translation.

Key words: formative force of translation, verse eco-translation, rivers-and-mountains poetry, wilderness cosmology, David Hinton