中西吟诵诗学的语文制度差异及对话融合——以朱光潜与海德格尔为中心的推展

中国比较文学 ›› 2023, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (1): 164–185.

中西吟诵诗学的语文制度差异及对话融合——以朱光潜与海德格尔为中心的推展

赵黎明

发布日期:2023-01-10
作者简介:赵黎明,暨南大学人文学院教授、博士生导师。研究方向:语言诗学、中国现当代文学、民俗与民间文艺学、文学社会学。电子邮箱:zlm868@jnu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金项目:“现代语言诗学与近四十年中国先锋文学运动关系研究”(项目编号:18BZW123)的阶段性成果。

Published:2023-01-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 吟诵诗学指以吟咏、诵读等形式感知诗文情韵的解释系统。以声解诗在中外诗史上均有悠久传统,但因语文制度不同,两种解诗观念存在很大差异。作为象形与拼音文字的代表,朱光潜和海德格尔在声解问题上的不同认识,折射了两种语言文化制度的差异。从源头看,东方之声源于抒情、西方之声源自模仿;虽均认同声与诗乐同源事实,但认知基础并不一致。中国诗学遵循情感本位论,源自气的思想,因而打上生命哲学印记;而西方诗学依循存在本位论,来自声音中心主义,故此染上形而上学色彩。尽管存在这些差别,但不乏相通之处,如对体验式阅读的提倡、对声音形象及传染效应的重视、对生命精神的强调、对听的因素的偏重等,都为两种吟诵诗学的对话融合提供了良好条件。身处古今中西交汇点的汉语新诗,由于语言文体变异等因素,声音传统能否承续面临巨大挑战。如何融合两种诗学的有益经验,建立具有民族特色的现代声解诗学,是中国新诗需要面对的重要课题。

关键词: 吟诵诗学, 朱光潜, 海德格尔, 情感本位, 存在本位, 生命哲学, 声音中心

Abstract: Recitative poetics refers to the interpretation system of perceiving the sentiment of poems and texts in the form of chanting and reciting. There is a long tradition of interpreting poetry by sound in Chinese and foreign poetry history, but due to the different language system, there are great differences between the two views of interpreting poetry. As the representatives of pictographic and alphabetical languages, Zhu Guangqian and Heidegger's different understanding on the problem of sound solution reflects the differences of the two languages and cultural systems. From the source, eastern sound originated from lyric while the western one originated from imitation;although they all agree on the fact that sound and poetry are homologous, the cognitive basis is not the same. Chinese poetics follows the emotion-centered theory and originates from the thought of Qi, and it is therefore imprinted with the philosophy of life. However, Western poetics follows the existence-centered theory and comes from the sound-centered theory, and it is consequently stained with metaphysics. Despite these differences, there is no lack of similarities, such as the advocacy of experiential reading, the emphasis on sound image and contagion effect, the emphasis on the spirit of life, and the emphasis on listening factors, which provide a good condition for the dialogic integration of the two kinds of chanting poetics. The new poetry, which is located at the intersection of ancient and modern Chinese and Western poetry, faces a great challenge to the continuity of the sound tradition due to the variation of language style and other factors. How to integrate the beneficial experience of the two poetics and establish the modern acoustic interpretation poetics with national characteristics is an important task for Chinese new poetry.

Key words: recitative poetics, Zhu Guangqian. Heidegger, emotional standard, standard of existence, philosophy of life, voice center

赵黎明. 中西吟诵诗学的语文制度差异及对话融合——以朱光潜与海德格尔为中心的推展[J]. 中国比较文学, 2023, 0(1): 164–185.

参考文献

匿名:“《毛诗》序”,《中国古代乐论选辑》,吴钊等编。北京:人民音乐出版社,2011年。104-105。
[Anonymous.“Preface to Mao Shi” (mao shi xu). Selected Chinese Ancient Music Theory. Ed. Wu Zhao, et.al. Beijing: People's Music Publishing House, 2011. 104-105.]
亚里士多德:《诗学》,罗念生译。北京:人民文学出版社,1982年。
[Aristotle. The Poetics(shi xue). Trans. Luo Niansheng. Beijing: People's Literature Publishing House, 1982.]
班固:“汉书·艺文志”,《中国历代文论选》(1),郭绍虞主编。上海:上海古籍出版社,1979年。5。
[Ban, Gu. “Literature of the Han Dynasty” (han shu yi wen zhi). Selected Literary Theories of Chinese Dynasties (I). Ed. Guo Shaoyu. Shanghai: Shanghai Chinese Classics Publishing House, 1979. 5.]
魏尔纳·布洛克:《存在与在》,王作虹译。北京:民族出版社,2005年。
[Block, Virna. Existence and Being(cun zai yu zai). Trans. Wang Zuohong. Beijing: The Ethnic Publishing House, 2005.]
恩斯特·卡西尔:《人论》,甘阳译。北京:西苑出版社,2003年。
[Cassirer, Ernst. An Essay on Man(ren lun). Trans. Gan Yang. Beijing: Xiyuan Press, 2003.]
德里达:“上海社会科学院座谈记录”,《德里达中国讲演录》,杜小真、张宁编译。北京:中央编译出版社,2003年。75-86。
[Derrida, J. “Proceedings of Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences”(shang hai she hui ke xue yuan zuo tan ji lu). Transcripts of Derrida's Lectures in China. Eds. & trans. Du xiaozheng and Zhang Ning. Beijing: Central Compliation & Translation Press, 2003. 75-86.]
——:《声音与现象》,杜小真译。北京:商务印书馆,2010年。
[---. Derrida's Voice and Phenomenon: An Edinburgh Philosophical Guide(sheng yin yu xian xiang). Trans. Du Xiaozhen. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2010.]
海德格尔;《存在与时间》,陈嘉映、王庆节译。北京:三联书店,2014年a。
[Heidegger. Being and Time(cun zai yu shi jian). Trans. Chen Jiaying and Wang Qingjie. Beijing: SDX Joint Publishing Company, 2014a.]
——:“荷尔德林和诗的本质”,《荷尔德林诗的阐释》,孙周兴译。北京:商务印书馆,2002年a。15-54。
[---. “Holderlin and Poem's Essence” (he er de lin he shi de ben zhi). An Interpretation of Holderlin's Poems. Trans. Sun Zhouxing. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2002a. 15-54.]
——:《荷尔德林的颂歌:〈日耳曼尼亚〉与〈莱茵河〉》,张振华译。北京:商务印书馆2018年a。
[---. Holderlin's Ode: Germania and The Rhine(he er de lin de song ge ri er man ni ya yu lai yin he). Trans. Zhang Zhenhua. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2018a.]
——:《形而上学导论》,熊伟、王庆节译。北京:商务印书馆,2014年b。
[---.An Introduction to Metaphysics (xing er shang xue dao lun). Trans. Xiong Wei and Wang Qingjie. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2014b.]
——:“诗歌中的语言”,《在通向语言的途中》,孙周兴译。北京:商务印书馆,2013年a。29-85。
[---. “Language in Poetry”(shi ge zhong de yu yan).On the Way to Language. Trans. Sun Zhouxing. Beijing: the Commercial Press, 2013a. 29-85.]
——:“逻各斯”,《演讲与论文集》,孙周兴译。北京:商务印书馆, 2018年b。227-257。
[---. “Logos”(luo ge si). Speeches and Papers. Trans. Sun Zhouxing. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2018b. 227-257.]
——:“语言的本质”,《在通向语言的途中》,孙周兴译。北京:商务应书馆,2013年b。146-213。
[---. “The Nature of Language” (yu yan de ben zhi). On the Way to Language. Trans. Sun Zhouxing. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2013b. 146-213.]
——:“走向语言之途”,《在通向语言的途中》,孙周兴译。北京:商务应书馆,2013年c。237-271。
[---. “On the Way to Language” (zou xiang yu yan zhi tu). On the Way to Language. Trans. Sun Zhouxing. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2013c. 237-271.]
——:“重复演说时的开场白”,《荷尔德林诗的阐释》,孙周兴译。北京:商务印书馆,2002年b。242-244。
---. “The Opening Words of Repeated Speech”(chong fu yan shuo shi de kai chang bai). An Interpretation of Holderlin's Poems. Trans. Sun Zhouxing. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2002b. 242-244.
——:“诗歌”,《荷尔德林诗的阐释》,孙周兴译。北京:商务印书馆,2002年c。227-241。
[---. “Poems”(shi ge). An Interpretation of Holderlin's Poems. Trans. Sun Zhouxing. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2002c. 227-241.]
——:“第四版前言”,《荷尔德林诗的阐释》,孙周兴译。北京:商务印书馆,2002年d。1。
[---. “Preface to the Fourth Edition”(di si ban qian yan). An Interpretation of Holderlin's Poems. Trans. Sun Zhouxing. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2002d. 1.]
——:“第二版前言”,《荷尔德林诗的阐释》,孙周兴译。北京:商务印书馆,2002年e。2-3。
[---. “Preface to the Second Edition”(di er ban qian yan). An Interpretation of Holderlin's Poems. Trans. Sun Zhouxing. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2002e. 2-3.]
——:“荷尔德林诗歌朗诵唱片前言”,《荷尔德林诗的阐释》,孙周兴译。北京:商务印书馆,2002年f。245-248。
[---. “Prologue to Holderlin Poetry Recitation Album”(he er de lin shi ge lang song chang pian qian yan). An Interpretation of Holderlin's Poems. Trans. Sun Zhouxing. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2002f. 245-248.]
——:“诗人何为”,《林中路》,孙周兴译。上海:上海译文出版社,2014年c。257-309。
[---. “What a Poet Is”(shi ren he wei). Road in the Woods. Trans. Sun Zhouxing. Shanghai: Shanghai Translation Publishing House, 2014c. 257-309.]
——:“词语”,《在通向语言的途中》,孙周兴译。北京:商务应书馆,2013年d。214-236。
[---. “Words” (ci yu). On the Way to Language. Trans. Sun Zhouxing. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2013d. 214-236.]
黄侃:《黄侃论学杂著》。上海:上海古籍出版社,1980年。
威廉·冯·洪堡特:《论人类语言结构的差异及其对人类精神发展的影响》,姚小平译。北京:商务印书馆,2008年。
[Humboldt. On The Difference of Human Language Structure and Its Influence on the Development of Human Spirit (lun ren lei yu yan jie gou de cha yi ji qi dui ren lei jing shen fa zhan de ying xiang). Trans. Yao Xiaoping. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2008.]
孔颖达:“诗大序正义”,《中国历代文论选》(1),郭绍虞主编。上海:上海古籍出版社,1979年。5-6。
[Kong, Yingda. “The Correct Interpretation of the Preface to The Book of Poetry” (shi da xu zheng yi). Selected Literary Theories of Chinese Dynasties (I). Ed. Guo Shaoyu. Shanghai: Shanghai Chinese Classics Publishing House, 1979.5-6.]
李东阳:《怀麓堂诗话校释》,李庆立校。北京:人民文学出版社,2009年a。
[Li, Dongyang. An Interpretation of Huailutang Notes on Poets and Poetry (huai lu tang shi hua jiao shi). Proof. Li Qingli. Beijing: People's Literature Publishing House, 2009a.]
——:“春雨堂稿序”,《怀麓堂诗话校释》。北京:人民文学出版社2009年b。333-334。
[---. “Preface to The Manuscripts of Chunyutang” (chun yu tang gao xu). An Interpretation of Huailutang Notes on Poets and Poetry. Beijing: People's Literature Publishing House, 2009b.333-334.]
李广田:“论新诗的内容和形式”,《中国现代诗论》(上),杨匡汉等编。广州:花城出版社,1985年。425-433。
[Li, Guangtian. “On the Content and Form of New Poetry” (lun xin shi de nei rong he xing shi). On Modern Chinese Poetry (Part 1). Eds. Yang Kuanghan, et. al. Guangzhou: Huacheng Publishing House, 1985. 425-433.]
林纾:《春觉斋论文》。北京:人民文学出版社,1959年。
[Lin, Shu. Essays Written in Chun Jue Zhai Study (chun jue zhai lun wen). Beijing: People's Literature Publishing House, 1959.]
刘大櫆:《论文偶记》。北京:人民文学出版社,1959年。
[Liu, Dakui: My Thesis Record (lun wen ou ji). Beijing: People's Literature Publishing House, 1959.]
——:“张秋浯诗序”,《刘大櫆集》。上海:上海古籍出版社,1990年。88-89。
[---. “Preface to Zhang Qiuwu's Poetry” (zhang qiu wu shi xu). The Corpus of Liu Dakui. Shanghai: Shanghai Chinese Classics Publishing House, 1990. 88-89.]
刘师培:《中国中古文学史讲义》。北京:中国人民大学出版社,2006年。
[Liu, Shipei. Lecture Notes on the History of Chinese Medieval Literature (zhong guo zhong gu wen xue shi jiang yi). Beijing: China Renmin University Press, 2006.]
小野泽精一:“原序”,《气的思想:中国自然观和人的观念的发展》,李庆译,小野泽精一等编。上海:上海人民出版社,1990年。1-7。
[Onozawa, Seiichi. “Preface” (yuan xu). The Idea of Chi: The Development of the Chinese Concept of Nature and Human. Trans. Li Qing. Eds. Seiichi Onozawa, el al. Shanghai: Shanghai People's Publishing House, 1990. 1-7.]
柏拉图:“克拉底鲁”,《柏拉图全集》(2),王晓朝译。北京:人民出版社,2003年a。56-133。
[Plato. “Cradyrum”(ke la di lu). The Complete Works of Plato (2). Trans. Wang Xiaochao. Beijing: People's Publishing House, 2003a. 56-133.]
——:“伊安篇”,《柏拉图全集》(1),王晓朝译。北京:人民出版社,2002年。297-315。
[---. “Ion”(yi an pian). The Complete Works of Plato (1). Trans. Wang Xiaochao. Beijing: People's Publishing House, 2002. 297-315.]
——:“文艺对话集”,《朱光潜全集》(12),朱光潜译。合肥:安徽教育出版社,1991年。59-79。
[---“Literary and Artistic Dialogues” (wen yi dui hua ji). The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian (12). Trans. Zhu Guangqian. Hefei: Anhui Education Press, 1991. 59-79.]
——:“斐德罗篇”,《柏拉图全集》(2),王晓朝译。北京:人民出版社,2003年b。134-204。
[---. “Phaedrus” (fei de luo pian). The Complete Works of Plato (2). Trans. Wang Xiaochao. Beijing: People's Publishing House, 2003b. 134-204.]
爱德华·萨丕尔:《语言论》,陆卓元译。北京:商务印书馆,1985年。
[Sapir, Edward. On Language (yu yan lun). Trans. Lu Zhuoyuan. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 1985.]
沈德潜:《说诗晬语》。北京:人民文学出版社,1979年。
[Shen, Deqian. Bits and Pieces about Poetry (shuo shi cui yu). Beijing: People's Literature Publishing House, 1979.]
司马迁:“史记·乐书”,《中国古代乐论选辑》,吴钊等编。北京:人民音乐出版社,2011年。69-82.
[Sima, Qian. “Records of the Grand Historian, Music Books” (shi ji yue shu). Selected Chinese Ancient Music Theory. Ed. Wu Zhao, et. Al. Beijing: People's Music Publishing House, 2011. 69-82.]
王柯平:“论古希腊诗与乐的融合”,《外国文学研究》5(2003):132-139。
[Wang, Keping. “On the Integration of Ancient Greek Poetry and Music” (lun gu xi la shi yu yue de rong he). Studies in Foreign Literature 5 (2003):132-139.]
韦勒克、沃伦:《文学理论》,刘象愚等译。杭州:浙江人民出版社,2017年。
[Wellek and Warren. Literary Theory (wen xue li lun). Trans. Liu Xiangyu, et al. Hangzhou: Zhejiang People's Publishing House, 2017.]
谢榛:《四溟诗话》。北京:人民文学出版社,1961年。
[Xie, Zhen. Siming Notes on Poetry(si ming shi hua). Beijing: People's Literature Publishing House, 1961.]
许慎:《说文解字》,段玉裁注。郑州:中州古籍出版社,2006年。
[Xu, Shen. Words and Expression (shuo wen jie zi). Annot. Duan Yucai. Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou Classics Publishing Company, 2006.]
徐祯卿:“谈艺录”,《历代诗话》(下),何文焕编。北京:中华书局,1981年。764-771。
[Xu, Zhenqing. “Tan Yi Lu”. Notes on Poems of the Past Dynasties (Part 2). Ed. He Wenhuan. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 1981.764-771.]
姚莹:《中复堂全集》。台北:文海出版社,1974年。
[Yao, Ying. The Complete Works of Zhongfutang (zhong fu tang quan ji). Taipei: Wenhai Publishing House, 1974.]
叶嘉莹:“绪论:谈古典诗歌中兴发感动之特质与吟诵之传统”,《迦陵各体诗文吟诵全集》(上)。桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2021年。1-48。
[Yip, Chia-ying. “Introduction: Talk about the Character of the Classical Poetry and the Tradition of Reciting”(xu lun tan gu dian shi ge zhong xing fa gan dong zhi te zhi yu yin song zhi chuan tong). The Complete Poems and Texts of Kaling (Part 1). Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press, 2021.1-48.]
余光中:“文化沙漠中多刺的仙人掌”,《余光中集》(7)。天津:百花文艺出版社,2004年。80-90。
[Yu, Guangzhong. “Prickly Cactus in a Cultural Desert”(wen hua sha mo zhong duo ci de xian ren zhang). The Collection of Yu Guangzhong (7). Tianjin: Baihua Literature and Art Publishing House, 2004. 80-90.]
元万顷等:“乐书要录”,《中国古代乐论选辑》,吴钊等编。北京:人民音乐出版社,2011年。157-160。
[Yuan, Wanqing. et al. “A Collection of Music Books” (yue shu yao lu). Selected Chinese Ancient Music Theory. Ed. Wu Zhao, et.al. Beijing: People's Music Publishing House, 2011. 157-160.]
曾国藩:《曾国藩家训》。长沙:岳麓书社,1999年。
[Zeng, Guofan. The Family Teachings of Zeng Guofan (zeng guo fan jia xun). Changsha: Yuelu Press, 1999.]
张巍:《希腊古风诗教考论》。北京:北京大学出版社,2018年。
[Zhang, Wei. On the Teaching and Examination of Ancient Greek Poetry (xi la gu feng shi jiao kao lun). Beijing: Peking University Press, 2018.]
赵元任:“《新诗歌集》的文字部分”,《赵元任音乐论文集》。北京:中国文联出版公司,1994年。103-144。
[Zhao, Yuanren. “The Text of the New Poetry Collection”(xin shi ge ji de wen zi bu fen). Zhao Yuanren's Essays on Music. Beijing: China Literature and Culture Federation Publishing Co., 1994. 103-144.]
周振甫:《文心雕龙今译》。北京:中华书局,2007年。
[Zhou, Zhenfu. Modern Chinese Version of Wen Xin Diao Long (wen xin diao long jin yi). Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 2007. ]
朱光潜: “谈美”,《朱光潜全集》(2)。合肥:安徽教育出版社,1987年a。5-90。
[Zhu, Guangqian. “About Beauty” (tan mei). The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian (2). Hefei: Anhui Education Press, 1987a. 5-90.]
——:“诗论”,《朱光潜全集》(3)。合肥:安徽教育出版社,1987年b。3-260。
[---. “About the Poem”(shi lun). The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian (3). Hefei: Anhui Education Press, 1987b. 3-260.]
——:“一个幼稚的愿望”,《朱光潜全集》(10)。合肥:安徽教育出版社,1993年a。85-87。
[---. “A Childish Wish” (yi ge you zhi de yuan wang). The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian (10). Hefei: Anhui Education Press, 1993a.85-87.]
——:“作者自传”,《朱光潜全集》(1)。合肥:安徽教育出版社,1987年c。1-9。
[---. “Author's Autobiography”(zuo zhe zi zhuan). The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian (1). Hefei: Anhui Education Press, 1987c.1-9.]
——:“诗的隐与显”,《朱光潜全集》(3)。合肥:安徽教育出版社,1987年d。355-364。
[---. “The Concealment and Manifestation of Poetry”(shi de yin yu xian). The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian (3). Hefei: Anhui Education Press, 1987d. 355-364.]
——:“怎样学习中国古典诗词”,《朱光潜全集》(10)。合肥:安徽教育出版社,1993年b。59-62。
[---. “How to Learn Classical Chinese Poetry”(zen yang xue xi zhong guo gu dian shi ci). The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian (10). Hefei: Anhui Education Press,1993b. 59-62.]
——:“谈晦涩”,《朱光潜全集》(8)。合肥:安徽教育出版社,1993年c。533-537。
[---. “On Obscurity” (tan hui se). The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian (8). Hefei: Anhui Education Press, 1993c. 533-537.]
——:“从生理学观点谈诗的‘气势’和“‘神韵’”,《朱光潜全集》(3)。合肥:安徽教育出版社,1987年e。368-373。
[---. “On the ‘Momentum’ and ‘Aura’ of Poetry from the Perspective of Physiology”(cong sheng li xue guan dian tan shi de qi shi he shen yun). The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian (3). Hefei: Anhui Education Press, 1987e.368-373.]
——:“谈新诗格律”,《朱光潜全集》(10)。合肥:安徽教育出版社,1993年d。164-172。
[---. “On the Rhythm of New Poetry”(tan xin shi ge lü). The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian (10). Hefei: Anhui Education Press, 1993d. 164-172.]
——:“心理上个别的差异与诗的欣赏”,《朱光潜全集》(8)。合肥:安徽教育出版社,1993年e。459-467。
[---. “Psychological Differences and the Appreciation of Poetry”(xin li shang ge bie de cha yi yu shi de xin shang). The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian (8). Hefei: Anhui Education Press, 1993e. 459-467.]
——:“散文的声音节奏”,《朱光潜全集》(3)。合肥:安徽教育出版社,1987年f。219-225。
[---. “The Sound Rhythm of Prose”(san wen de sheng yin jie zou). The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian (3). Hefei: Anhui Education Press, 1987f. 219-225.]
——:“给一位写新诗的青年朋友”,《朱光潜全集》(3)。合肥:安徽教育出版社,1987年g。267-274。
[---. “To a Young Friend Who Writes New Poetry”(gei yi wei xie xin shi de qing nian peng you). The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian (3). Hefei: Anhui Education Press, 1987g. 267-274.]
——:“新诗从旧诗能学习些什么”,《朱光潜全集》(10)。合肥:安徽教育出版社,1993年f。49-54。
[---. “What Can a New Poem Learn from an Old One”(xin shi cong jiu shi neng xue xi xie shen me). The Complete Works of Zhu Guangqian (10). Hefei: Anhui Education Press, 1993f.49-54.]
朱自清: “论诵读”,《朱自清全集》(3)。南京:江苏教育出版社,1996年a。185-190。
[Zhu, Ziqing. “About Reading Aloud”(lun song du). Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing (3). Nan Jing: Jiangsu Education Press, 1996a. 185-190.]
——:“论朗诵诗”,《朱自清全集》(3)。南京:江苏教育出版社,1996年b。253-262。
[---. “About Reciting Poetry”(lun lang song shi). Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing (3). Nan Jing: Jiangsu Education Press, 1996b. 253-262.]
——:“论百读不厌”,《朱自清全集》(3)。南京:江苏教育出版社,1996年c。226-232。
[---. “Never Tired of Reading”(lun bai du bu yan). Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing (3). Nan Jing: Jiangsu Education Press, 1996c. 226-232.]
——: “朗读与诗”,《朱自清全集》(2)。南京:江苏教育出版社,1996年d。388-395。
[---. “Read Aloud and Poetry”(lang du yu shi). Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing (2). Jiangsu Education Press, 1996d. 388-395.]
——:“朗读教学”,《朱自清全集》(3)。南京:江苏教育出版社,1996年e。178-180。
[---. “Teaching Reading Aloud”(lang du jiao xue). Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing (3). Nan Jing: Jiangsu Education Press, 1996e. 178-180.]
——:“唱新诗等等”,《朱自清全集》(4)。南京:江苏教育出版社,1996年f。220-225。
[---.“Sing New Poems and so on”(chang xin shi deng deng). Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing (4). Nan Jing: Jiangsu Education Press, 1996f. 220-225.]
——:“诗与话”,《朱自清全集》(3)。南京:江苏教育出版社,1996年g。283-289。
[---. “Verse and Prose”(shi yu hua). Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing (3). Nan Jing: Jiangsu Education Press, 1996g. 283-289.]

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed